Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms, which when administered in adequate amounts, confer health benefits on the host. Their exact mechanism of action is currently unclear, however, their beneficial effects are likely to result from a variety of actions including, alteration of the innate commensal microbiota, modification of gut barrier function, and modulation of intestinal immune responses.
The rise in food allergy in developed countries is an intriguing phenomenon that has captured the attention of both the medical research community and the media. Although we need to be circumspect about the extent to which it has risen and which countries are most affected, there is little doubt that IgE mediated food allergy and anaphylaxis were rarely reported 50 years ago but are now commonly described. The drivers for this modern day epidemic are poorly understood and indeed it is not clear whether this phenomenon is part of a 2nd wave epidemic of allergy following on from the general rise in allergic disease that was noted around the world at the end of the 21st century or whether the new food allergy epidemic is due to a new set of unique factors
Dr Jane Munro, Head of Rheumatology at RCH, will present 3 different programs of quality of care improvements undertaken over the past decade at RCH
David went to Nauru in December to see children referred to him. He will present a case related to this visit and will discuss what are our ethical responsibilities to asylum seekers and the role of advocacy
Brain trauma is a common reason for death in children and young adults, a major cause of long-term disability, and huge economic costs from rehabilitation, care and loss of productivity. Understanding the mechanisms of injury and having improved treatment strategies may mitigate some of the burden of neuro-trauma. This talk will cover international efforts to better understand brain trauma. There are many current inadequacies in our knowledge of this condition. Dr Michael Bell and his team at the University of Pittsburg are heading several research projects to answer these issues.
Leukodystrophies remain a diagnostic challenge for practitioners and families. Next generation sequencing (NGS) offers exciting opportunities to expand our understanding of disease phenotypes and to explore pathophysiologic mechanisms, based on the molecular cause of abnormalities in central nervous system white matter. The diagnostic odyssey and its implications are discussed, from the perspective of an Australian family. Additionally, an update is provided on the contributions of NGS to the description of novel leukodystrophies and their treatments in this ever expanding field.
The WHO’s International Classification of Functioning (ICF) was published in 2001. Advocates in the field of developmental disability have been promoting its use as an integrated and strengths-based approach to our thinking, actions, and research. Building on the ICF framework, colleagues at CanChild Centre in Canada published a tongue-in-cheek paper entitled “The F-words in Childhood Disability: I swear this is how we should think”.
Genomic technologies have the potential to transform how we deliver healthcare. Genomic medicine promises better patient outcomes and a more efficient health system through rapid diagnosis, early intervention, prevention and targeted therapies. However, there are significant hurdles that need to be overcome to implement genomics into routine clinical practice.
Arguably the pre-eminent developmental task of childhood is to grow a good brain. Glucose is the primary metabolic fuel for the brain- peaking at 140-170 grams per day at around 5 years of age with a constant supply critical for normal cerebral metabolism. Thus it is not surprising that developing brains in early childhood are more susceptible to metabolic insult, particularly those resulting from perturbations in blood glucose levels. Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood and the condition most likely to cause the greatest fluctuations in blood glucose
For over 21 years, the Centre for Community Child Health (CCCH) has been working with children, families and communities to promote healthy development and equity of outcomes. The Centre was founded in 1994 by Professor Frank Oberklaid OAM, and has grown into a 100-strong team – recognised nationally and internationally for leadership in child health and development.
